What is Ovarian Surgery?

Ovarian surgery refers to a range of surgical procedures performed on one or both ovaries to treat various gynecological conditions such as cysts, tumors, endometriosis, or infertility. These surgeries can be conservative (preserving the ovary) or radical (removing the ovary), depending on the condition, age, and reproductive goals of the patient.

Minimally invasive techniques like laparoscopy are commonly used, offering quicker recovery, smaller incisions, and reduced post-operative discomfort.

Conditions Treated with Ovarian Surgery

• Ovarian cysts (functional, dermoid, endometriomas)

• Ovarian torsion (twisting of the ovary)

• Benign or malignant ovarian tumors

• Endometriosis involving the ovaries

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) requiring surgical intervention

• Infertility due to ovarian abnormalities

Types of Ovarian Surgeries

1. Ovarian Cystectomy

   • Removal of cysts while preserving healthy ovarian tissue

   • Ideal for women wishing to retain fertility

2. Oophorectomy

   • Removal of one or both ovaries

   • Performed for severe disease, cancer, or risk reduction in hereditary conditions

3. Salpingo-oophorectomy

   • Removal of the ovary along with the fallopian tube

   • Common in cases of infections, ectopic pregnancy, or malignancy

4. Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (for PCOS)

   • Minimally invasive procedure to restore ovulation

Symptoms Indicating the Need for Surgery

• Persistent lower abdominal or pelvic pain

• Irregular menstrual cycles

• Bloating or abdominal swelling

• Difficulty in conceiving

• Abnormal ultrasound or imaging results

• Suspicion of ovarian cancer or large, persistent cysts

Benefits of Minimally Invasive Ovarian Surgery

• Small incisions and minimal scarring

• Less blood loss and reduced risk of infection

• Faster recovery and shorter hospital stay

• Preservation of ovarian function when possible

• Enhanced cosmetic and functional outcomes